Lesson 4.2.5.1

4.2.5.1 Ideology, science and religion Quiz: AQA Sociology, Unit 2

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 4.2.5.1, Ideology, science and religion: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Sociology (7192), Unit 2: Topics in Sociology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. According to Karl Marx, how does religion function as the 'opium of the people'?

    • It creates wealth
    • It dulls suffering
    • It promotes equality
    • It causes revolution

  2. What term describes a set of beliefs that justifies the interests of a social group?

    • Science
    • Ideology
    • Mythology
    • Theology

  3. Which sociologist argued that religious rituals create a sense of collective effervescence?

    • Max Weber
    • Karl Marx
    • Auguste Comte
    • Émile Durkheim

  4. According to Weber, which religious belief system helped encourage modern capitalism?

    • Catholicism
    • Hinduism
    • Lutheranism
    • Calvinism

  5. What term did Weber use to describe the loss of magical explanations in modern society?

    • Secularisation
    • Alienation
    • Anomie
    • Disenchantment

  6. The Five Pillars of faith are central practices in which major religion?

    • Buddhism
    • Judaism
    • Islam
    • Christianity

  7. What type of religious organisation is a mainstream organisation often linked to the state?

    • Church
    • Sect
    • Cult
    • Denomination

  8. According to Marxists, scientific knowledge primarily serves the interests of which group?

    • The working class
    • Religious leaders
    • The peasantry
    • The ruling class

  9. Which sociologist argued that scientific knowledge progresses through falsification?

    • Karl Popper
    • Robert Merton
    • Paul Feyerabend
    • Thomas Kuhn

  10. Thomas Kuhn used which term for the shared framework guiding scientific research?

    • Paradigm
    • Doctrine
    • Dogma
    • Ideology

  11. Functionalists view religion primarily as an institution that maintains what in society?

    • Gender inequality
    • Class division
    • Political conflict
    • Social solidarity

  12. What term describes the blending of beliefs from different religious traditions?

    • Syncretism
    • Fundamentalism
    • Sectarianism
    • Secularisation

  13. How can religious ideology affect existing social power structures?

    • Maintain or challenge
    • Only maintain
    • Only challenge
    • Have no impact

  14. Gramsci used which term for ruling-class ideological domination achieved through consent?

    • Hegemony
    • Anomie
    • Alienation
    • Coercion

  15. The concepts of karma and dharma are central to which major world religion?

    • Islam
    • Judaism
    • Hinduism
    • Christianity

  16. Why do sociologists argue that scientific research is not completely value-free?

    • Purely objective
    • Entirely fictional
    • Influenced by funding
    • Based on scripture

  17. What term describes a set of ideas that serves the interests of a specific social group?

    • Theology
    • Ideology
    • Positivism
    • Science

  18. In Durkheim's sociology of religion, what term describes the ordinary, everyday elements of life?

    • The profane
    • The sacred
    • Anomie
    • Totemism

  19. Which non-Christian world religion was founded in the Punjab region by Guru Nanak?

    • Jainism
    • Buddhism
    • Hinduism
    • Sikhism

  20. According to functionalists, what main social outcome is produced by collective religious rituals?

    • Economic growth
    • Class consciousness
    • Secularisation
    • Social solidarity

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