2 Warfare and British society in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: The experience of war Quiz: Pearson Edexcel History, Unit 3

The 20 questions

1. Which nineteenth-century reforms restructured British army recruitment and training?

   • Cardwell reforms
   • Asquith reforms
   • Peel reforms
   • Gladstonian reforms

2. What was the main feature of military professionalisation in this period?

   • Mercenary bands
   • Feudal levies
   • Conscript militias
   • Career soldiers

3. Which new visual medium shaped public attitudes to war in the 1800s?

   • Oil painting
   • Tapestries
   • Stained glass
   • Photography

4. Which 19th-century conflicts are cited as examples of media shaping popular attitudes?

   • Boer and Napoleonic Wars
   • Crimean and Zulu Wars
   • Crimean and Boer Wars
   • Crimean and World Wars

5. What nineteenth-century development directly influenced public attitudes towards warfare?

   • Town criers
   • Royal decrees
   • Church sermons
   • Press reporting

6. What major advantage did photography offer in reporting the Boer War?

   • Live broadcasting
   • Visual evidence
   • Official censorship
   • Complete accuracy

7. What was the main goal of Cardwell's late nineteenth-century army reforms?

   • Naval supremacy
   • Total conscription
   • Professionalisation
   • Abolishing ranks

8. A soldier serving a long career in a regular force demonstrates what process?

   • Civilian conscription
   • Voluntary retirement
   • Professionalisation
   • Militia drafting

9. What term describes the military seizure of civilian goods during wartime?

   • Plunder
   • Nationalisation
   • Requisitioning
   • Taxation

10. How did nineteenth-century newspaper reports primarily influence the civilian population?

    • Shaped public attitudes
    • Prevented all criticism
    • Enforced strict rationing
    • Caused immediate riots

11. Which combination best characterises nineteenth-century warfare experience?

    • Conscription and radio
    • Mercenary forces and pamphlets
    • Feudal levy and propaganda
    • Professional recruitment and media

12. What brought news of military casualties directly to ordinary people at home?

    • Cinema reels
    • Government letters
    • Press and photographs
    • Radio broadcasts

13. Which person's name is attached to army reforms in this period?

    • Nightingale
    • Cardwell
    • Cromwell
    • Raglan

14. What was a key impact of nineteenth-century wars on the British public?

    • Forced labour
    • Casualty concern
    • Mandatory evacuation
    • Widespread starvation

15. Cardwell's army reforms replaced short-term recruits with what type of soldier?

    • Temporary militia
    • Unpaid volunteers
    • Trained career soldiers
    • Foreign mercenaries

16. What effect did war casualty reports have on nineteenth-century civilians?

    • Triggered immediate mutiny
    • Increased public concern
    • Created complete apathy
    • Ended all enlistment

17. Using letters and newspapers together helps historians evaluate what?

    • Weapon manufacturing
    • Popular attitudes
    • Military tactics
    • Battlefield topography

18. Why was early war photography particularly difficult for the authorities to control?

    • Official censorship
    • Direct evidence
    • Poor technology
    • Low circulation

19. In which century did newspapers and photography become powerful influences?

    • Nineteenth century
    • Twentieth century
    • Eighteenth century
    • Seventeenth century

20. Nineteenth-century military recruitment changes showed a shift towards whom?

    • Foreign allies
    • Untrained peasants
    • Trained professionals
    • Child soldiers

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