2 Escalation of the conflict under Johnson Quiz: Pearson Edexcel History, Unit 17

The 20 questions

1. Which 1964 naval event off North Vietnam was used to escalate US military involvement?

   • Saigon bombing
   • Tet Offensive
   • Danang raid
   • Gulf of Tonkin incident

2. What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution grant President Johnson without a formal war declaration?

   • Broad military powers
   • Economic sanctions
   • Peace treaty authority
   • Congressional veto

3. Which operation began in March 1965 as a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam?

   • Operation Desert Storm
   • Operation Linebacker
   • Operation Market Garden
   • Operation Rolling Thunder

4. Which US general commanded American forces in Vietnam from 1964 to 1968?

   • General Colin Powell
   • General William Westmoreland
   • General Curtis LeMay
   • General Douglas MacArthur

5. In which year did large numbers of US combat troops first arrive in Vietnam?

   • 1968
   • 1963
   • 1965
   • 1961

6. Who was Johnson's aggressively hawkish Republican opponent in the 1964 US presidential election?

   • Richard Nixon
   • John F. Kennedy
   • Dwight Eisenhower
   • Barry Goldwater

7. How did the Great Society programme conflict with the Vietnam War?

   • Competed for funds
   • Required conscription
   • Banned protests
   • Caused food rationing

8. What US response followed the Vietcong attack on Pleiku in February 1965?

   • Retaliatory bombing raids
   • Peace treaty signing
   • Immediate full withdrawal
   • Naval blockade

9. Why did Johnson believe escalation was necessary after the Gulf of Tonkin?

   • Prevent communist victory
   • Acquire rubber
   • Expand territory
   • Test new missiles

10. What was causing South Vietnam to struggle by 1964?

    • Mass tsunami
    • Royal coup
    • Severe famine
    • Vietcong advances

11. Which factor helped North Vietnam survive US bombing during the war?

    • Ho Chi Minh Trail
    • Nuclear shield
    • Mountain tunnels
    • Soviet navy

12. What power did Congress grant Johnson after the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

    • Absolute dictatorship
    • Wide war powers
    • Tax autonomy
    • Veto suspension

13. What primary fear drove President Johnson to send US ground combat troops in 1965?

    • Economic depression risk
    • Soviet naval blockade
    • Immediate nuclear strike
    • South Vietnam collapse

14. Roughly how many US troops were in Vietnam by the end of 1965?

    • 25,000
    • 180,000
    • 1,000,000
    • 500,000

15. How did war escalation affect domestic antiwar sentiment in the USA?

    • Boosted draft enlistment
    • Intensified opposition
    • United the nation
    • Eliminated all protests

16. Why did President Johnson avoid asking Congress for a formal declaration of war?

    • Lack of party funding
    • United Nations veto
    • Congressional opposition vote
    • Risked wider conflict

17. Why was the US military draft a major source of social division?

    • Mandatory service time
    • Immediate frontline postings
    • Total troop cap
    • Unequal burden

18. Why did Operation Rolling Thunder fail to stop North Vietnamese support?

    • Insufficient fuel supply
    • Outdated aircraft fleet
    • Restricted bombing targets
    • Complete weather grounding

19. Why was the second Gulf of Tonkin incident later considered controversial?

    • Missing cargo manifest
    • Attack doubted
    • Sunk destroyer hull
    • Forged captain logs

20. What was a key effect of escalation on US forces by 1966?

    • Quick decisive victory
    • War of attrition
    • Peace negotiations
    • Total naval blockade

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