Lesson 7.1.5

7.1.5 Cross-cultural attachment and nature-nurture Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 7

20 questions

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Lesson 7.1.5, Cross-cultural attachment and nature-nurture: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 7: Child psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Who conducted the famous meta-analysis of cross-cultural attachment studies using the Strange Situation?

    • Bowlby and Ainsworth
    • Schaffer and Emerson
    • Van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg
    • Harlow and Zimmerman

  2. Which attachment type was found to be the most common across cultures in cross-cultural research?

    • Type B, secure attachment
    • Type D, disorganised
    • Type C, insecure-resistant
    • Type A, insecure-avoidant

  3. What does 'nature' refer to in the developmental nature-nurture debate?

    • Cultural upbringing
    • Peer interaction
    • Environmental influence
    • Genetic inheritance

  4. Which attachment type was found to be the most common across all cultures in cross-cultural research?

    • Disorganised
    • Insecure-avoidant
    • Secure
    • Insecure-resistant

  5. What does universality mean in cross-cultural attachment research?

    • Unique cultural types
    • Equal secure rates
    • Identical attachment proportions
    • Shared attachment types

  6. In Van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg's meta-analysis, where was variation in attachment types greatest?

    • Within cultures
    • Between continents
    • Across generations
    • Between cultures

  7. What do universal patterns of attachment across different cultures suggest?

    • Environmental learning
    • Biological basis
    • Cultural variation
    • Subcultural differences

  8. Which conclusion is supported if secure attachment is most common in every country studied?

    • Culturally learned preference
    • Media influence
    • Innate attachment drive
    • Random distribution

  9. High rates of insecure-avoidant attachment in Germany are attributed to child-rearing practices valuing which trait?

    • Independence
    • Co-sleeping
    • Interdependence
    • Overprotection

  10. In a sample of 200 infants, 130 were classified as secure. What percentage were secure?

    • 35 per cent
    • 13 per cent
    • 65 per cent
    • 70 per cent

  11. Which finding would most weaken a purely environmental account of attachment development?

    • Cross-cultural similarity
    • Subcultural differences
    • Individual differences
    • Cultural variation

  12. Which term describes applying a Western assessment like the Strange Situation to other cultures without adaptation?

    • Investigator effects
    • Demand characteristics
    • Imposed etic
    • Social desirability

  13. Which term describes an outcome resulting from both inherited genetic traits and environmental factors?

    • Epigenetic drift
    • Environmental determinism
    • Gene-environment interaction
    • Polygenic inheritance

  14. What is the main methodological advantage of conducting a meta-analysis on attachment studies?

    • Direct observation
    • Reduced imposed etic
    • Elimination of bias
    • Increased sample size

  15. In a country, 150 infants are classified as 70 per cent Type B, 20 per cent Type A and 10 per cent Type C. How many are Type A?

    • 30
    • 45
    • 15
    • 20

  16. Which perspective suggests attachment develops through both biological temperament and caregiving experiences?

    • Interactionist approach
    • Behaviourist approach
    • Nativist approach
    • Psychodynamic approach

  17. What limits cross-cultural research in resolving the nature-nurture debate on attachment?

    • Lack of validity
    • Demand characteristics
    • Confounding environmental factors
    • Small sample sizes

  18. What issue arises when comparing Strange Situation studies across different cultures in meta-analyses?

    • High researcher bias
    • Demand characteristics
    • Ethnocentric sampling
    • Methodological variations

  19. What term describes applying a research technique from one culture directly to another?

    • Imposed etic
    • Ethnocentrism
    • Emic approach
    • Cultural relativism

  20. What key benefit does cross-cultural research offer when investigating attachment development?

    • Proves biological determinism
    • Identifies universal behaviours
    • Guarantees ecological validity
    • Eliminates sampling bias

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