Lesson 4.2.3.1.4

4.2.3.1.4 Control, demand characteristics and investigator effects Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 2

20 questions

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Lesson 4.2.3.1.4, Control, demand characteristics and investigator effects: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 2: Psychology in context, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What term describes keeping all instructions, conditions, and procedures identical for every participant?

    • Counterbalancing
    • Operationalisation
    • Standardisation
    • Randomisation

  2. What process gives every participant an equal chance of being selected for any condition?

    • Opportunity sampling
    • Stratified sampling
    • Random sampling
    • Random allocation

  3. Which control technique involves varying the order of experimental conditions across participant groups?

    • Counterbalancing
    • Randomisation
    • Matching
    • Standardisation

  4. What term describes subtle cues in a study that reveal its aim to participants?

    • Investigator effects
    • Order effects
    • Confounding variables
    • Demand characteristics

  5. What term describes any unintentional influence of the researcher on a study's outcome?

    • Demand characteristics
    • Investigator effects
    • Participant variables
    • Practice effects

  6. In a single-blind study design, who is unaware of the experimental condition being received?

    • The data analyst
    • Both parties
    • The participant
    • The investigator

  7. Who is kept unaware of the experimental conditions in a double-blind study?

    • Neither party
    • Only researchers
    • Only participants
    • Participants and researchers

  8. A participant guesses that a study is about memory and tries harder than usual. What is this an example of?

    • Order effect
    • Random allocation error
    • Demand characteristics
    • Investigator effect

  9. An experimenter smiles more often at participants in the experimental group. What is this an example of?

    • Investigator effect
    • Counterbalancing failure
    • Operational definition error
    • Demand characteristic

  10. What is the main purpose of including a control group in an experiment?

    • Eliminate order effects
    • Reduce participant bias
    • Increase sample size
    • Baseline comparison

  11. What is used in drug trials to control for participant expectations regarding treatment?

    • Random allocation
    • Standardised script
    • Placebo
    • Double-blind

  12. Why do researchers read a standardised script when delivering instructions to participants?

    • Avoid ethical issues
    • Ensure standardisation
    • Control order effects
    • Achieve randomisation

  13. Which design control prevents a researcher's expectations from biasing the scoring of participant responses?

    • Random allocation
    • Counterbalancing
    • Double-blind procedure
    • Single-blind procedure

  14. Which control technique is used specifically to address order effects in repeated measures designs?

    • Counterbalancing
    • Single-blind design
    • Random allocation
    • Standardisation

  15. Which two sources of bias are simultaneously controlled by using a double-blind design?

    • Order and fatigue
    • Sampling and selection
    • Participant and situational
    • Demand and investigator

  16. What experimental control technique involves keeping participants unaware of the research aims?

    • Standardised instructions
    • Double-blind procedure
    • Random allocation
    • Single-blind procedure

  17. Keeping the assessor unaware of experimental conditions directly reduces which type of bias?

    • Order effects
    • Participant reactivity
    • Investigator effects
    • Demand characteristics

  18. What is the main purpose of randomly allocating participants to experimental conditions?

    • Ensure informed consent
    • Prevent order effects
    • Eliminate investigator effects
    • Control participant variables

  19. Using identical procedures and instructions for every participant in a study is called what?

    • Standardisation
    • Operationalisation
    • Randomisation
    • Counterbalancing

  20. Clues in an experiment that lead participants to guess the research aim are called what?

    • Demand characteristics
    • Investigator effects
    • Order effects
    • Extraneous variables

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