Lesson 4.2.3.T2
4.2.3.T2 Observational techniques Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 2
20 questions
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Lesson 4.2.3.T2, Observational techniques: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 2: Psychology in context, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
What defines a naturalistic observation?
- Active variable control
- Artificial environment setup
- No researcher manipulation
- Participant awareness
-
Which observational technique involves the researcher manipulating conditions?
- Participant observation
- Covert observation
- Controlled observation
- Naturalistic observation
-
What is the defining characteristic of a covert observation?
- Setting is artificial
- Behaviour is staged
- Observer joins group
- Participants are unaware
-
What is an observation called when participants know they are being watched?
- Overt observation
- Participant observation
- Controlled observation
- Covert observation
-
Which observational method involves the researcher actively joining the target group?
- Covert observation
- Non-participant observation
- Participant observation
- Naturalistic observation
-
Which observational method involves watching participants without interacting or joining them?
- Participant observation
- Overt observation
- Non-participant observation
- Controlled observation
-
What major ethical issue is raised by conducting covert observations?
- Participant attrition
- Demand characteristics
- Investigator effects
- Lack of consent
-
A researcher joins a football fan group in secret to study their behaviour. What type of observation is this?
- Controlled laboratory observation
- Self-report interview
- Covert participant observation
- Overt non-participant observation
-
An unannounced, distant observation in a real-world setting is best described as:
- Participant lab observation
- Structured interview
- Covert naturalistic observation
- Overt controlled observation
-
What metric checks the consistency between two independent observers?
- Test-retest reliability
- Internal validity
- Ecological validity
- Inter-observer reliability
-
When an observer's expectations influence how they record behaviour, this is:
- Demand characteristics
- Reactivity
- Social desirability
- Observer bias
-
What is it called when participants alter their behaviour because they are watched?
- Reactivity
- Randomisation
- Standardisation
- Counterbalancing
-
What is a key ethical advantage of overt observation?
- High ecological validity
- Reduced investigator effects
- Complete objectivity
- Informed consent
-
What is the primary drawback of conducting covert observations?
- Investigator bias
- Ethical deception
- Low ecological validity
- Demand characteristics
-
Becoming overly attached to the group during participant observation is known as:
- Standardisation
- Observer bias
- Reactivity
- Going native
-
Why does non-participant observation reduce researcher influence on the group?
- No active involvement
- Guaranteed anonymity
- Prior standardisation
- Total variable control
-
Naturalistic observation typically features high ecological validity but low:
- Subjective interpretation
- Ethical approval
- Sample size
- Control of variables
-
A researcher counts how often dogs wag their tails in a park without interfering. Which type of observation is this?
- Controlled laboratory observation
- Experimental manipulation
- Naturalistic observation
- Structured interview
-
What is a main methodological weakness of qualitative observational data?
- Demand characteristics
- Sampling bias
- High subjectivity
- Lack of realism
-
Which observation type takes place in a structured environment set up by researchers?
- Naturalistic observation
- Covert observation
- Controlled observation
- Participant observation
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