Lesson 4.2.6.1

4.2.6.1 Development, underdevelopment and global inequality Quiz: AQA Sociology, Unit 2

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 4.2.6.1, Development, underdevelopment and global inequality: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Sociology (7192), Unit 2: Topics in Sociology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. How many distinct stages of economic growth are in Walt Rostow's modernisation model?

    • Four
    • Five
    • Three
    • Six

  2. Which theory argues that Western exploitation is the primary cause of global underdevelopment?

    • Dependency theory
    • Human capital theory
    • Modernisation theory
    • Neoliberal theory

  3. Which sociologist divided the global capitalist economy into core, semi-periphery, and periphery?

    • Talcott Parsons
    • Immanuel Wallerstein
    • Walt Rostow
    • Andre Gunder Frank

  4. Which metric is combined with life expectancy and income in the Human Development Index?

    • Infant mortality
    • Military spending
    • Carbon footprint
    • Education

  5. What term describes uneven distributions of wealth, health, and resources between nations?

    • Global inequality
    • Structural differentiation
    • Cultural imperialism
    • Demographic transition

  6. A country has a GNI of 900 million dollars and a population of 30 million. What is the GNI per person in dollars, to the nearest whole dollar?

    • 30,000 dollars per person
    • 3,000 dollars per person
    • 300 dollars per person
    • 30 dollars per person

  7. Which economist developed the capabilities approach to defining human development?

    • Paul Collier
    • Milton Friedman
    • Jeffrey Sachs
    • Amartya Sen

  8. In world systems theory, what term describes countries between the core and periphery?

    • Semi-periphery
    • Secondary core
    • External arena
    • Sub-periphery

  9. According to dependency theory, what is the primary cause of underdevelopment?

    • Overpopulation issues
    • Cultural backwardness
    • Lack of natural resources
    • Colonial exploitation

  10. Which criticism is most commonly made against modernisation theory?

    • Overemphasising colonialism
    • Eurocentric bias
    • Promoting communism
    • Ignoring economic growth

  11. What is a major limitation of using GNI per head to measure development?

    • Ignores income distribution
    • Ignores inflation rates
    • Overstates literacy rates
    • Excludes total population

  12. What term describes an economy reliant on exporting a few raw materials?

    • Secondary sector dominance
    • Primary product dependence
    • Import substitution
    • Structural adjustment

  13. What major economic risk affects countries with primary product dependence?

    • Currency stability
    • Commodity price fluctuations
    • Service sector growth
    • Rapid industrialisation

  14. Which structural factor contributes most to the persistence of global inequality?

    • Unequal trade terms
    • Universal free trade
    • Excessive foreign aid
    • Cultural homogenisation

  15. Why are national income figures adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP)?

    • Local cost differences
    • Income tax rates
    • Inflation rate removal
    • Foreign exchange limits

  16. Why do critics argue that foreign aid alone cannot end global inequality?

    • Causes immediate inflation
    • Eliminates local taxes
    • Ignores trade barriers
    • Prevents population growth

  17. In dependency theory, what determines a nation's development prospects?

    • Geographic climate zone
    • Internal cultural values
    • Global economy position
    • Level of democracy

  18. What does the term 'aid dependency' refer to in development studies?

    • Trade-based development
    • Refusal of aid
    • Reliance on aid
    • Conditional debt relief

  19. In world systems theory, which feature characterises core nations?

    • Raw material exports
    • Subsistence agriculture
    • High debt reliance
    • Advanced industrial technology

  20. Which measure is included in the Human Development Index alongside GNI per head?

    • Crime per capita
    • Mean schooling years
    • Infant mortality rate
    • Carbon emissions index

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