3.1.8.1 Inorganic ions and their roles Quiz: AQA Biology, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. Which ion is a component of haemoglobin, allowing it to bind oxygen?

   • Sodium ion (Na+)
   • Magnesium ion (Mg2+)
   • Calcium ion (Ca2+)
   • Iron ion (Fe2+)

2. Which ion is co-transported with glucose and amino acids across the mammalian ileum?

   • Potassium ion
   • Calcium ion
   • Chloride ion
   • Sodium ion

3. Which ion forms part of the backbone of DNA and of ATP?

   • Hydrogen ion
   • Phosphate ion
   • Sodium ion
   • Iron ion

4. What does pH directly measure in a biological solution?

   • Hydroxide ion concentration
   • Sodium ion concentration
   • Water potential
   • Hydrogen ion concentration

5. An increase in hydrogen ion concentration causes a solution's pH to do what?

   • Remain constant
   • Decrease
   • Fluctuate
   • Increase

6. What does an iron ion in haemoglobin bind?

   • Oxygen
   • Glucose
   • Carbon dioxide only
   • Sodium ions

7. Which inorganic ion is an essential component of haemoglobin for binding oxygen?

   • Iron ion
   • Calcium ion
   • Phosphate ion
   • Sodium ion

8. A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 x 10^-3 mol/dm3. What is its pH?

   • 3
   • 10
   • 1
   • 11

9. How many times greater is the hydrogen ion concentration at pH 5 than at pH 7?

   • 100 times
   • 2 times
   • 1000 times
   • 10 times

10. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution at pH 9?

    • 1 x 10^-5 mol/dm3
    • 1 x 10^-9 mol/dm3
    • 1 x 10^9 mol/dm3
    • 9 mol/dm3

11. Which ion is co-transported alongside glucose into ileum epithelial cells?

    • Potassium ion
    • Calcium ion
    • Chloride ion
    • Sodium ion

12. What happens to glucose absorption in the ileum if the sodium-potassium pump is inhibited?

    • Decreases
    • Remains unchanged
    • Doubles
    • Increases

13. Which molecule's synthesis is directly reduced by a deficiency of iron ions?

    • Antibodies
    • Myoglobin
    • Haemoglobin
    • Collagen

14. Which inorganic ion is released by ATP hydrolysis to phosphorylate other compounds?

    • Nitrate ion
    • Phosphate ion
    • Sulfate ion
    • Hydrogen ion

15. Why does a small change in hydrogen ion concentration cause a large change in pH?

    • Linear pH scale
    • Proportional pH scale
    • Exponential pH scale
    • Logarithmic pH scale

16. Why does sodium-glucose co-transport in ileum cells depend indirectly on ATP?

    • Maintains sodium gradient
    • Pumps glucose outwards
    • Phosphorylates glucose directly
    • Hydrolyses glucose molecules

17. In which oxidation state must the iron ion in haemoglobin be to bind oxygen reversibly?

    • Fe3 process
    • Fe2 process
    • Fe process
    • Fe4 process

18. How do concentrations of different inorganic ions typically compare within biological cells?

    • They are equal
    • They always match
    • They are constant
    • They vary greatly

19. What effect does adding a phosphate group usually have on the phosphorylated compound?

    • Denatures the compound
    • Decreases reactivity
    • Increases solubility only
    • Increases reactivity

20. How do hydrogen ions alter enzyme activity when pH changes?

    • Breaks covalent bonds
    • Hydrolyses peptide bonds
    • Alters active site
    • Denatures lipid bilayer

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