Lesson 3.2.4.3
3.2.4.3 Vaccines, HIV and monoclonal antibodies Quiz: AQA Biology, Unit 2
20 questions
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Lesson 3.2.4.3, Vaccines, HIV and monoclonal antibodies: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Biology (7402), Unit 2: Cells, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
What term describes population protection achieved when enough individuals are immune to a pathogen?
- Active immunity
- Herd immunity
- Natural immunity
- Passive immunity
-
Which type of immunity results from an individual producing their own antibodies and memory cells?
- Passive immunity
- Active immunity
- Innate immunity
- Herd immunity
-
Which feature is characteristic of passive immunity?
- Active production
- Long-lasting
- No memory cells
- Delayed response
-
HIV replicates primarily inside which type of host cell?
- Cytotoxic T cells
- B lymphocytes
- Helper T cells
- Phagocytes
-
Why are antibiotics completely ineffective against viruses?
- No cell structures
- Thick capsid coat
- Mutate too fast
- Resistant enzymes
-
Which cells does HIV infect and destroy to cause AIDS symptoms?
- Red blood cells
- B lymphocytes
- Helper T cells
- Phagocytes
-
What is attached to monoclonal antibodies during targeted drug therapy?
- Target antigens
- Complement proteins
- Phagocytes
- Therapeutic drugs
-
Monoclonal antibodies are useful in medical diagnosis because they bind to specific what?
- Ribosomes
- Antigens
- Antibiotics
- Phagocytes
-
What is attached to the antibody in an ELISA test to signal antigen presence?
- A substrate
- An enzyme
- A fluorophore
- A hormone
-
What is the main benefit of herd immunity in a population?
- Cures infected patients
- Protects unvaccinated individuals
- Kills pathogens directly
- Removes disease entirely
-
Which type of immunity provides immediate protection without producing memory cells?
- Active natural immunity
- Humoral immunity
- Passive immunity
- Active artificial immunity
-
Which ethical issue is commonly associated with vaccine production and development?
- Animal testing
- Antibiotic resistance
- High cost
- Genetic modification
-
Why are trial results for new monoclonal antibody therapies unreliable if the sample size is small?
- Unrepresentative of population
- Lack of antigens
- Rapid antibody breakdown
- Increased side effects
-
What must a diagnostic monoclonal antibody bind to in order to confirm a pathogen's presence?
- Cell membranes
- Bacterial ribosomes
- Free antibodies
- Specific antigens
-
Which immune cell type is directly stimulated by helper T cells?
- B cells
- Platelets
- Red blood cells
- Epithelial cells
-
What term describes identical antibodies produced from a single clone of B cells?
- Monoclonal antibodies
- Recombinant antigens
- Monocyte antibodies
- Polyclonal antibodies
-
Which specific type of immunity is provided by vaccination?
- Natural passive immunity
- Natural active immunity
- Artificial active immunity
- Artificial passive immunity
-
What is the main advantage of attaching a drug to a monoclonal antibody?
- Increased cell size
- Reduced side effects
- Higher antibody production
- Faster active transport
-
Which property of a monoclonal antibody ensures a diagnostic test is reliable?
- Low affinity
- High specificity
- High solubility
- Large mass
-
Which cells are specifically targeted and destroyed by the HIV virus?
- Cytotoxic T cells
- Helper T cells
- Plasma cells
- Memory B cells
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