Lesson 3.8.2.2.2

3.8.2.2.2 Regulation of translation Quiz: AQA Biology, Unit 8

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 3.8.2.2.2, Regulation of translation: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Biology (7402), Unit 8: The control of gene expression, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. How does RNA interference (RNAi) restrict gene expression in eukaryotic cells?

    • Causes base mutations
    • Inhibits mRNA translation
    • Prevents chromosome condensation
    • Stimulates DNA replication

  2. In which group of organisms is RNA interference predominantly found as a regulatory mechanism?

    • Viruses
    • Prokaryotes
    • Bacteriophages
    • Eukaryotes

  3. What primary product is synthesised during the process of translation in cells?

    • DNA strand
    • Polypeptide
    • Messenger RNA
    • Transfer RNA

  4. What cellular organelle acts as the site where translation takes place?

    • Nucleolus
    • Mitochondrion
    • Golgi apparatus
    • Ribosome

  5. Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

    • DNA polymerase
    • mRNA
    • tRNA
    • Pre-mRNA

  6. Which energy source is needed for translation?

    • Oxygen gas only
    • ATP
    • Glucose only
    • Glycogen

  7. What is the main function of tRNA during translation?

    • Synthesising mRNA
    • Forming peptide bonds
    • Carrying amino acids
    • Unwinding DNA strands

  8. What effect does target mRNA degradation by siRNA have on protein synthesis?

    • Accelerated translation rate
    • Decreased protein production
    • Increased protein production
    • Unchanged protein production

  9. If protein production decreases while mRNA levels remain constant, which process is inhibited?

    • Translation
    • RNA splicing
    • DNA replication
    • Transcription

  10. What is the primary effect of RNA interference on gene expression?

    • Inhibiting translation
    • Stimulating transcription
    • Enhancing gene duplication
    • Promoting DNA replication

  11. Protein levels fall from 100 units to 20 units while mRNA levels stay at 100 units. What is the percentage reduction in protein?

    • 20 per cent
    • 50 per cent
    • 100 per cent
    • 80 per cent

  12. What molecule is directly produced at the end of translation?

    • Genomic DNA
    • Messenger RNA
    • Transfer RNA
    • Polypeptide

  13. How many codons are needed to code for a 100-amino-acid polypeptide, ignoring any stop codon?

    • 100
    • 300
    • 50
    • 33

  14. What role does ATP play during the process of translation?

    • Forms peptide bonds
    • Provides energy
    • Cleaves target mRNA
    • Acts as template

  15. Which molecule carries the anticodon in translation?

    • Ribosome
    • tRNA
    • DNA polymerase
    • mRNA

  16. Compared to inhibiting transcription, what advantage does RNA interference offer?

    • Permanent DNA removal
    • Rapid protein reduction
    • Increased gene expression
    • Higher mutation rate

  17. Which mechanism allows genetically identical cells to produce different sets of proteins?

    • Gene duplication
    • Random mutation
    • Selective gene expression
    • Chromosome doubling

  18. A coding sequence of 750 nucleotides codes for a polypeptide. How many amino acids are coded, ignoring any stop codon?

    • 150
    • 900
    • 300
    • 250

  19. How can RNA interference technology be applied in medicine?

    • Repairing damaged DNA
    • Silencing disease genes
    • Increasing protein synthesis
    • Stimulating bacterial growth

  20. What process enables identical genomes to produce distinct cell types?

    • Differential gene expression
    • Random mutation rates
    • Variable chromosome counts
    • DNA sequence alteration

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