3.1.2.3.1 Direct perception without inference and the influence of nature Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 2

The 20 questions

1. According to Gibson's direct theory, sensory information provided by the environment is:

   • Dependent on memory
   • Sufficient for perception
   • Processed by inference
   • Incomplete and ambiguous

2. According to Gibson, direct perception occurs without the need for:

   • Sensory receptors
   • Past experience
   • Retinal images
   • Visual light

3. In Gibson's theory, perceptual abilities are described as being:

   • Inferred
   • Cultural
   • Learnt
   • Innate

4. Compared to Gregory's constructivist theory, Gibson's theory describes perception as:

   • Indirect and learnt
   • Based on inference
   • Direct and innate
   • Built from expectations

5. What term describes the structured pattern of light reaching the eye in Gibson's theory?

   • Optic array
   • Schema model
   • Visual illusion
   • Perceptual set

6. Which concept in Gibson's theory explains how moving through an environment provides direct visual information?

   • Retinal disparity
   • Visual illusion
   • Perceptual set
   • Optic flow

7. According to Gibson, human perceptual mechanisms developed primarily through:

   • Socialisation
   • Academic learning
   • Trial and error
   • Evolution

8. Which phenomenon is difficult for Gibson's direct perception theory to explain?

   • Optic flow
   • Texture gradient
   • Motion parallax
   • Visual illusions

9. Which depth cue relies on movement and strongly supports Gibson's direct theory?

   • Motion parallax
   • Linear perspective
   • Relative size
   • Height in plane

10. Gibson's direct theory proposes that perception is driven primarily by:

    • Past experiences
    • Environmental information
    • Cultural expectations
    • Cognitive schemas

11. Why did Gibson reject the idea that perception involves building mental models?

    • Senses deceive us
    • Information is complete
    • Memory is unreliable
    • Visual light fluctuates

12. Which environmental feature provides direct depth information through changes in surface detail?

    • Convergence
    • Retinal disparity
    • Texture gradient
    • Perceptual expectancy

13. Which concept is central to Gregory's theory but rejected by Gibson?

    • Optic array
    • Texture gradient
    • Innate mechanisms
    • Hypothesis testing

14. In Gibson's theory, the phrase 'rich environment' means that sensory inputs are:

    • Constant sensory noise
    • Sufficiently detailed
    • Incomplete and vague
    • Highly ambiguous

15. According to Gibson, everyday perception is accurate because sensory information in the environment is:

    • Filtered by expectations
    • Inferred from memory
    • Vague and ambiguous
    • Rich and structured

16. What type of theory contrasts directly with Gibson's direct theory of perception?

    • Indirect theory
    • Genetic theory
    • Innate theory
    • Ecological theory

17. According to Gibson, what term describes the action possibilities an environment offers?

    • Optic flow
    • Motion parallax
    • Affordances
    • Texture gradients

18. Which term describes the pattern of moving light entering the eye during movement?

    • Texture gradient
    • Optic flow
    • Motion parallax
    • Visual cliff

19. Which phenomenon provides evidence against Gibson's claim that perception needs no inference?

    • Visual illusions
    • Motion parallax
    • Optic flow
    • Texture gradient

20. Which monocular cue provides depth information through changes in surface detail density?

    • Motion parallax
    • Retinal disparity
    • Convergence
    • Texture gradient

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