Lesson 3.1.2.5.1

3.1.2.5.1 Inference from visual cues and past experience to construct reality Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 2

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 3.1.2.5.1, Inference from visual cues and past experience to construct reality: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA GCSE Psychology (8182), Unit 2: Perception, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. According to Gregory's constructivist theory, what is perception primarily based on?

    • Innate reflexes
    • Retinal reflection
    • Direct sensation
    • Active inference

  2. In Gregory's theory, what does the brain construct using visual cues and past experience?

    • Direct sensations
    • A mental model
    • Innate optic flows
    • Retinal images

  3. Which psychologist proposed the constructivist theory of perception that emphasises the role of nurture?

    • James Gibson
    • Albert Bandura
    • Ivan Pavlov
    • Richard Gregory

  4. In Gregory's theory of perception, what does nurture provide to help the brain make inferences?

    • Reflexive responses
    • Innate knowledge
    • Past experience
    • Biological maturation

  5. According to Gregory, why do visual illusions occur?

    • Direct optical flow
    • Innate depth cues
    • Incorrect hypotheses
    • Retinal damage

  6. In Gregory's constructivist theory, what is a perceptual hypothesis?

    • An innate reflex
    • An educated guess
    • A direct sensation
    • A retinal image

  7. Guessing what an object in the dark is based on past experience supports which process?

    • Perceptual inference
    • Direct perception
    • Texture gradient
    • Optic flow

  8. According to Gregory's constructivist theory, how does perception vary across cultures?

    • Identically
    • Not at all
    • Randomly
    • Significantly

  9. Which finding supports Gregory's constructivist theory of perception?

    • Innate depth perception
    • Perception without learning
    • Misinterpreting 2D drawings
    • Navigation without experience

  10. Which theory of perception is best supported by visual illusions as errors of inference?

    • Gregory's theory
    • Gibson's theory
    • Piaget's theory
    • Atkinson-Shiffrin model

  11. According to Gregory's theory, how does the brain interpret visual cues?

    • By sensory adaptation
    • By making inferences
    • By automatic reflex
    • By direct perception

  12. In Gregory's theory, what provides the knowledge needed to build a model of reality?

    • Past experience
    • Retinal disparity
    • Genetic innate cues
    • Direct sensation

  13. Why might someone misperceive an unfamiliar object, according to Gregory's theory?

    • Lacking past experience
    • Direct perception failure
    • Damaged optical nerve
    • Poor retinal convergence

  14. How does Gibson's theory of perception differ fundamentally from Gregory's constructivist theory?

    • Perception uses schemas
    • Perception is direct
    • Perception requires inference
    • Perception uses learning

  15. What does 'constructing reality' mean in Gregory's constructivist theory of perception?

    • Filtering light waves
    • Building a model
    • Detecting innate patterns
    • Receiving raw data

  16. What term describes filling in missing visual information using past experience?

    • Linear perspective
    • Optic flow
    • Sensation
    • Inference

  17. Interpreting a vague shadowy outline as a human relies on which process in Gregory's theory?

    • Inference
    • Motion parallax
    • Texture gradient
    • Direct perception

  18. Why might someone from a flat environment misjudge distance in a mountainous landscape?

    • Inappropriate past experience
    • Poor retinal convergence
    • Lack of sensation
    • Damaged visual cortex

  19. Which finding would challenge Gregory's theory that perception requires past experience?

    • Misjudging distant objects
    • Depth perception errors
    • Visual illusions occurring
    • Accurate newborn perception

  20. Why is Gregory's explanation of perception classified as a constructivist theory?

    • Perception is direct
    • Perception is constructed
    • Perception is innate
    • Perception is passive

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