Lesson 3.3.1

3.3.1 Raine, Li, Brendgen and Van den Oever biological studies Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 3

20 questions

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Lesson 3.3.1, Raine, Li, Brendgen and Van den Oever biological studies: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 3: Biological psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which group of participants did Raine et al. (1997) scan using PET?

    • Murderers pleading NGRI
    • Schizophrenic controls
    • Heroin addicts
    • Non-violent offenders

  2. What did Raine et al. (1997) find regarding prefrontal cortex glucose metabolism in murderers?

    • Increased metabolism
    • Reduced metabolism
    • Normal metabolism
    • Absent metabolism

  3. Why did Raine et al. (1997) use PET scans instead of CAT scans?

    • PET shows function
    • CAT measures metabolism
    • CAT uses tracers
    • PET shows structure

  4. Why can Raine et al. (1997) not conclude that brain dysfunction causes murderous behaviour?

    • Lack of controls
    • Small sample size
    • It is correlational
    • Unreliable scans

  5. Which confounding factor could account for the reduced prefrontal activity found in Raine et al.'s murderers?

    • Genetic mutations
    • Prior head injury
    • Gender mismatching
    • Task difficulty

  6. What biological determinism issue arises from using brain scans to explain violent crime?

    • Lack of consent
    • Stigma and labelling
    • Physical harm
    • Participant deception

  7. Which brain scanning technique was used in the classic study by Raine et al. (1997)?

    • PET scan
    • EEG recording
    • CT scan
    • fMRI scan

  8. Which brain area showed reduced metabolic activity in murderers in Raine et al. (1997)?

    • Temporal lobe
    • Prefrontal cortex
    • Posterior cingulate cortex
    • Occipital cortex

  9. Which specific legal plea was made by all murderers in Raine et al.'s sample?

    • Duress
    • Self-defence
    • Insanity plea
    • Diminished responsibility

  10. Why do the findings of Raine et al. (1997) lack generalisability to all violent offenders?

    • High drop-out rate
    • Small control group
    • Unrepresentative sample
    • Demand characteristics

  11. What substance is injected as a radioactive tracer during a PET scan?

    • Serotonin
    • Glucose
    • Adrenaline
    • Dopamine

  12. Why must Raine et al.'s PET scan findings not be used to diagnose future violent offenders?

    • Demand characteristics
    • Qualitative data
    • Correlational evidence
    • Low reliability

  13. Explaining violent behaviour solely through brain metabolism is an example of which debate?

    • Environmental determinism
    • Biological reductionism
    • Ethnocentrism
    • Cultural relativism

  14. What does repeating Raine et al.'s procedure with a new sample test?

    • Ecological validity
    • Construct validity
    • Reliability
    • Internal validity

  15. How were control participants matched to the murderers in Raine et al. (1997)?

    • IQ and income
    • Age and sex
    • Personality type
    • Handedness and ethnicity

  16. What type of relationship was established between prefrontal activity and murder in Raine et al.?

    • Correlational
    • Causal
    • Exponential
    • Inverse

  17. Which participant variable could act as a confound for brain activity in Raine et al.?

    • Social desirability
    • Experimenter bias
    • Demand characteristics
    • Head injury history

  18. Which position claims that violent behaviour is completely controlled by biological factors?

    • Environmental determinism
    • Reciprocal determinism
    • Soft determinism
    • Biological determinism

  19. What key assumption underlies biological explanations of violent aggression?

    • Social learning
    • Cognitive schemas
    • Unconscious conflicts
    • Physiological causes

  20. Which research design tracks participants over time to see if brain abnormalities precede violence?

    • Longitudinal study
    • Cross-sectional study
    • Retrospective study
    • Snapshot study

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