Lesson 4.1.6
4.1.6 Individual and developmental differences in learning Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 4
20 questions
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Lesson 4.1.6, Individual and developmental differences in learning: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 4: Learning theories, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
According to behaviourist theories, what primary factor causes individual differences in behaviour?
- Genetic inheritance
- Innate personality
- Brain structure
- Environmental experiences
-
Which process increases the frequency of a behaviour by offering a rewarding consequence?
- Vicarious punishment
- Positive reinforcement
- Extinction
- Negative punishment
-
How do learning theories view child development over time?
- Continuous learning process
- Innate maturation
- Unconscious drives
- Fixed biological stages
-
According to social learning theory, how do children acquire new behaviours?
- Observing role models
- Direct conditioning
- Biological maturation
- Innate instincts
-
What social learning factor causes two children in different homes to act differently?
- Different role models
- Equal reinforcement
- Identical temperaments
- Genetic variation
-
What outcome expectation increases a child's likelihood of imitating observed aggressive behaviour?
- Extinction
- Innate fear
- Expected punishment
- Anticipated reward
-
Why might the exact same reward produce different behaviour changes in different children?
- Universal instinctual drives
- Varying reinforcement value
- Identical learning histories
- Fixed genetic codes
-
Which cognitive process in social learning theory improves significantly as a child develops?
- Attention and retention
- Classical conditioning
- Reflexive responses
- Direct reinforcement
-
What major factor is often criticised as being overlooked by pure learning explanations?
- Past experiences
- Biological factors
- Environmental influences
- Observational learning
-
Which theory explains children imitating aggressive behaviour seen in television cartoons?
- Operant conditioning
- Psychodynamic theory
- Social learning theory
- Classical conditioning
-
According to learning theories, why can a child's behaviour change across different age periods?
- Fixed cognitive stages
- Changing environmental experiences
- Innate genetic maturation
- Unconscious conflict resolution
-
What causes individual differences in response to rewards according to learning theory?
- Different learning histories
- Identical genetic profiles
- Equal brain capacity
- Universal primary drives
-
Which process describes a child learning a new behaviour by copying an adult model?
- Systematic desensitisation
- Imitation
- Operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning
-
What key factor does traditional reinforcement theory ignore when explaining child development?
- Environmental consequences
- Operant responses
- Cognitive processes
- External rewards
-
What term describes learning by observing the rewards or punishments received by others?
- Vicarious reinforcement
- Negative reinforcement
- Direct reinforcement
- Spontaneous recovery
-
In learning theory, individual differences in motivation mainly stem from variations in what?
- Brain structure
- Innate reflexes
- Environmental feedback
- Genetic inheritance
-
Children are most likely to imitate role models who possess which characteristic?
- Unfamiliar traits
- Fearful behaviour
- High status
- Opposite gender
-
Which factor is often criticised as being underplayed by behavioural learning theories?
- Observable behaviour
- Biological factors
- Conditioned responses
- Environmental influences
-
What type of influence is ignored if aggression is explained purely through learning?
- Environmental cues
- Genetic influences
- Observational learning
- Operant conditioning
-
According to learning theory, why do behaviours vary across different cultures?
- Shared genetic traits
- Different role models
- Identical reinforcement schedules
- Universal brain structures
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