Lesson 6.3.1

6.3.1 Loftus and Palmer, Bradbury and Williams, Valentine and Mesout, and Howells studies Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 6

20 questions

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Lesson 6.3.1, Loftus and Palmer, Bradbury and Williams, Valentine and Mesout, and Howells studies: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 6: Criminological psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What did Loftus and Palmer (1974) investigate in their study on eyewitness testimony?

    • Jury decision making
    • Leading questions
    • Weapon focus
    • Participant stress

  2. What independent variable was manipulated in Experiment 1 of Loftus and Palmer (1974)?

    • Participant age group
    • Car collision speed
    • Question verb used
    • Video clip duration

  3. In Loftus and Palmer (1974), which verb produced the highest mean speed estimate?

    • Hit
    • Smashed
    • Contacted
    • Bumped

  4. What phenomenon were Loftus and Palmer demonstrating when participants incorrectly recalled seeing broken glass?

    • Retroactive interference
    • Repression
    • Proactive interference
    • False memories

  5. What main memory process did Loftus and Palmer's (1974) study demonstrate?

    • Displacement
    • Retroactive interference
    • Repression
    • Reconstructive memory

  6. How did Valentine and Mesout (2009) measure physiological arousal in the London Dungeon study?

    • Heart rate
    • Blood pressure
    • Skin conductance
    • Cortisol levels

  7. Which type of validity is reduced by using video clips in Loftus and Palmer's study?

    • Face validity
    • Construct validity
    • Ecological validity
    • Internal validity

  8. In Loftus and Palmer (1974), what type of information altered eyewitness memory estimates?

    • Post-event information
    • Pre-event expectations
    • Subliminal perception
    • Sensory deprivation

  9. What type of phrasing was used in Loftus and Palmer's question to alter memory?

    • Structured interrogation
    • Open question
    • Leading question
    • Closed categorical question

  10. What primary factor's effect on juror decision-making was investigated by Bradbury and Williams (2013)?

    • Educational background
    • Offender age
    • Socioeconomic status
    • Defendant race

  11. Which methodological feature is most critical to evaluate in Bradbury and Williams' mock-jury study?

    • Ecological validity
    • Internal consistency
    • Test-retest stability
    • Inter-rater reliability

  12. What is the main methodological strength of Valentine and Mesout's (2009) London Dungeon study?

    • Zero participant demand
    • High internal control
    • Easy variable manipulation
    • High ecological validity

  13. What primary ethical concern arose from inducing anxiety in Valentine and Mesout's (2009) study?

    • Right to payment
    • Right to publish
    • Breach of copyright
    • Protection from harm

  14. What did Howells et al. (2005) evaluate regarding brief anger management programmes for offenders?

    • Predictors of change
    • Dietary intervention effects
    • Genetics of aggression
    • Hormonal imbalance levels

  15. Why is identifying predictors of change useful in offender anger management programmes?

    • Replaces judicial trials
    • Reduces prison sentences
    • Guarantees total cure
    • Targets suitable offenders

  16. What methodological limitation prevents establishing clear cause-and-effect in offender outcome studies?

    • Demand characteristics
    • Observer drift
    • Sampling bias
    • Extraneous variables

  17. Which contemporary study in criminological psychology is a field study on eyewitness identification under stress?

    • Bowlby (1944)
    • Valentine and Mesout (2009)
    • Loftus and Palmer (1974)
    • Rosenhan (1973)

  18. Why might mock-juror decisions differ from actual trial verdicts in court?

    • No real consequences
    • Extended deliberation time
    • Biased judge instructions
    • Excessive prison pressure

  19. What main limitation arises from using student-only samples in eyewitness research?

    • Poor task repeatability
    • High observer bias
    • Low population validity
    • Low internal validity

  20. What was the main advantage of using standardised video clips in Loftus and Palmer (1974)?

    • Increased emotional arousal
    • Naturalistic participant responses
    • High ecological validity
    • High experimental control

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