Lesson 3.1.4.7.1

3.1.4.7.1 Reliability and validity of sampling, experimental designs and methods Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 4

20 questions

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Lesson 3.1.4.7.1, Reliability and validity of sampling, experimental designs and methods: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA GCSE Psychology (8182), Unit 4: Research methods, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which term refers to the consistency of a research study's findings?

    • Generalisability
    • Objectivity
    • Validity
    • Reliability

  2. Which term describes whether a study genuinely measures what it claims to measure?

    • Reliability
    • Standardisation
    • Subjectivity
    • Validity

  3. Which sampling method gives every member of the target population an equal chance of selection?

    • Volunteer sampling
    • Opportunity sampling
    • Random sampling
    • Systematic sampling

  4. What is a major disadvantage of using an opportunity sample?

    • Demand characteristics
    • Time consuming
    • Sample bias
    • Order effects

  5. Which sampling method selects participants in proportion to key subgroups in the target population?

    • Random sampling
    • Systematic sampling
    • Opportunity sampling
    • Stratified sampling

  6. Selecting every nth person from a population list is an example of which sampling method?

    • Opportunity sampling
    • Systematic sampling
    • Random sampling
    • Stratified sampling

  7. Why does a repeated measures design increase internal validity compared to independent groups?

    • Saves research time
    • Eliminates order effects
    • Prevents demand characteristics
    • Controls participant variables

  8. What type of validity is reduced by the artificial setting of a lab experiment?

    • Internal validity
    • Population validity
    • Temporal validity
    • Ecological validity

  9. A questionnaire producing identical results when retested on the same participants demonstrates high what?

    • Sample bias
    • Reliability
    • Ecological validity
    • Subjectivity

  10. A memory test actually measures reaction speed instead of recall. Which issue does this highlight?

    • Order effects
    • Researcher bias
    • Low reliability
    • Low validity

  11. Testing only university students to represent the whole population creates what issue?

    • Unrepresentative sample
    • Demand characteristics
    • Order effects
    • Extraneous variables

  12. Which experimental design is most affected by order effects like fatigue?

    • Independent groups
    • Repeated measures
    • Observational design
    • Matched pairs

  13. What can cause a small random sample to be unrepresentative?

    • Sampling bias
    • Researcher demand
    • Random chance
    • Social desirability

  14. What main limitation affects a small opportunity sample in an experiment?

    • Low generalisability
    • Poor internal validity
    • High experimenter bias
    • High ecological validity

  15. What is a primary benefit of using mixed methods in psychological research?

    • Simpler data analysis
    • Reduced cost
    • Faster participant recruitment
    • Increased validity

  16. Which term describes a sample that mirrors the characteristics of the target population?

    • Random sample
    • Opportunity sample
    • Representative sample
    • Biased sample

  17. Sampling participants from only one geographical area creates which methodological issue?

    • Sampling bias
    • Observer bias
    • Demand characteristics
    • Ethical misconduct

  18. Why are results from a study with only six participants considered weak?

    • Researcher bias
    • Ethical breaches
    • High chance effect
    • Extraneous variables

  19. Assessing test-retest consistency checks which aspect of a psychological measurement?

    • Internal validity
    • Ecological validity
    • Reliability
    • Ethical compliance

  20. What action directly increases the internal validity of an experiment?

    • Using qualitative data
    • Debriefing participants
    • Controlling extraneous variables
    • Increasing sample size

All AQA Psychology quizzes