Lesson 2.1.4
2.1.4 Reconstructive memory and schema theory Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 2
20 questions
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Lesson 2.1.4, Reconstructive memory and schema theory: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 2: Cognitive psychology, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Who conducted the 'War of the Ghosts' study of reconstructive memory?
- Baddeley, in 1966
- Bartlett, in 1932
- Milgram, in 1963
- Loftus, in 1974
-
According to Bartlett, how are memories retrieved during recall?
- Rebuilt using schemas
- Played like recordings
- Processed serially
- Encoded acoustically
-
What term describes an organised mental framework of knowledge and expectations about the world?
- Phonological loop
- Engram
- Schema
- Central executive
-
In Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study, changing unfamiliar details to fit cultural expectations is called what?
- Maintenance rehearsal
- Rationalisation
- Displacement
- Confabulation
-
What did Bartlett conclude about the nature of memory recall?
- It is reconstructive
- It is verbatim
- It is permanent
- It is acoustic
-
What influenced participants' memory distortions in Bartlett's War of the Ghosts experiment?
- Retroactive inhibition
- Decay over time
- Acoustic similarity
- Cultural schemas
-
A witness inaccurately recalls a crime scene detail due to personal expectations. What process explains this?
- Schema reconstruction
- Cue-dependent forgetting
- Retrograde amnesia
- Trace decay
-
What is a methodological weakness of Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study?
- High demand characteristics
- Low ecological validity
- Small sample size
- Unstandardised procedure
-
What key real-world application is supported by schema theory?
- Eyewitness testimony errors
- Short-term memory capacity
- Acoustic encoding
- Primacy effect
-
What is a key limitation of schema theory when explaining memory recall?
- Explains decay
- Ignores accurate memories
- Focuses on STM
- Ignores schemas
-
Recalling an absent waiter because they fit a restaurant expectation is an example of what?
- Proactive interference
- Schema reconstruction
- Spreading activation
- Acoustic confusion
-
What term did Bartlett use for mental frameworks that shape our expectations during memory recall?
- Schemas
- Archetypes
- Scripts
- Engrams
-
In Bartlett's theory, what term describes changing unfamiliar story details into familiar ones?
- Rationalisation
- Levelling
- Sharpening
- Confabulation
-
Which method involves one participant retelling the same story multiple times over increasing time intervals?
- Cued recall
- Repeated reproduction
- Serial reproduction
- Free recall
-
Reconstructive memory theory views human memory as which type of process?
- Passive recording
- Active reconstruction
- Linear retrieval
- Exact reproduction
-
What term did Bartlett use for making specific details of a recalled story more prominent?
- Sharpening
- Rationalisation
- Assimilation
- Levelling
-
What type of schema contains knowledge about the sequence of events in a situation?
- Person schema
- Role schema
- Self schema
- Script schema
-
Which story did Bartlett use in his classic study on reconstructive memory?
- The Three Bears
- Alice in Wonderland
- Little Red Riding Hood
- War of the Ghosts
-
If an eyewitness account changes every time it is recalled, what does it lack?
- Reliability
- Ethics
- Ecological validity
- Mundane realism
-
Who proposed the theory of reconstructive memory in 1932?
- Endel Tulving
- Frederic Bartlett
- Alan Baddeley
- Richard Atkinson
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